The two studies focus on different questions
Calibration establishes an instrument's measurement relationship under specified conditions. MSA examines variation in the measurement system formed by the instrument, operator, method, part and environment together.
A calibration record alone may not be enough
Different operators or clamping methods can affect results even with a calibrated instrument. Assessing the measurement system under actual working conditions makes these effects visible.
Plan the study around the question
Define the characteristic, parts, operators and repetitions before the study begins. Consider the acceptance approach alongside customer requirements and intended use.
Connect results to improvement
Create actions for equipment selection, measurement instructions, fixtures, environment or training needs. After changes, review whether the measurement system needs reassessment.
Further reading
For metrology concepts, consult JCGM publications, and for calibration intervals, consult ILAC guidelines . This article provides general information; assessments specific to your equipment and process must consider the applicable requirements.